Class 1 — The Digital Marketing Landscape
A complete mental map of the digital marketing world — before touching any tools.
90 minutes Week 1, Session 1 Beginner — no prior knowledge needed Lecture · Activity · Discussion
Instructor note

This is the first class of a 24-week journey. Students are diverse — undergrads, freelancers, professionals. Your primary goal today is not to transfer information, it is to shift how they see the world. After this class, every ad they see, every search result, every email in their inbox should feel intentional and strategic — not random. Build that lens today.

Learning Outcomes

By the end of this class, every student will be able to:

  1. Define digital marketing in their own words and explain why it matters
  2. Name and briefly describe at least 6 major digital marketing channels
  3. Compare digital marketing to traditional marketing across 4 key dimensions
  4. Describe the customer journey from awareness to purchase using their own example
  5. Explain how the internet fundamentally changed consumer buying behaviour

90-Minute Session Timeline

0:00
WARM-UP
The Ad Safari — opening hook (10 min)
Ask students to take out their phones. Give them exactly 2 minutes to open Instagram, YouTube, or any app and screenshot every ad they see. Then ask 3–4 students to share:
  • What brand was it?
  • What were they trying to make you feel or do?
  • Why do you think you specifically saw that ad?
Instructor tip: Someone will almost always have seen an ad for something they recently Googled or talked about near their phone. Use that moment — it naturally opens the conversation about targeting, data, and intent.
0:10
LECTURE
What is digital marketing? (15 min)
Walk through the definition, then contrast with traditional marketing. Use the global internet usage stats. Build toward the key insight: digital marketing is measurable, targetable, and scalable in a way that was never possible before.
  • Define digital marketing — use the class definition from Lesson Content tab
  • Show: internet users in 2025 (5.5 billion), mobile-first world
  • Run through the Traditional vs Digital comparison table
  • Anchor insight: "Every rupee you spend in digital marketing — you can measure exactly what it did"
Instructor tip: Ask "Has anyone ever placed a newspaper ad, a billboard, or a flyer?" Then ask "How did you know if it worked?" Let the silence land — that's the power of digital.
0:25
LECTURE
The digital marketing ecosystem — all 8 channels (20 min)
Walk through each channel at a high level. Do not go deep — breadth is the goal today. For each channel, give one real example from a brand students know.
  • SEO — "Daraz shows up when you search for laptops"
  • Content marketing — "HBL's blog on saving money"
  • Social media — "Foodpanda's Instagram"
  • Paid advertising — "The ad before a YouTube video"
  • Email marketing — "The discount email you got this morning"
  • Video marketing — "Pepsi Pakistan's YouTube channel"
  • Influencer marketing — "When your favourite YouTuber recommends something"
  • Affiliate marketing — "A blogger earns commission when you buy through their link"
Instructor tip: Draw the ecosystem on the board as a simple diagram — brand in the centre, 8 channels around it, arrows pointing to "Customer." Keep it visual. Students photograph it.
0:45
ACTIVITY
Customer journey mapping exercise (20 min)
Students work in pairs. Each pair picks something they bought in the last month — any product or service. They map their journey using the 5 stages on the whiteboard: Unaware → Aware → Considering → Deciding → Loyal. Then they identify which digital channels appeared at each stage.
  • Give them 12 minutes to map it out on paper
  • Circulate and prompt stuck pairs: "How did you first hear about it? What made you trust it enough to buy?"
  • Last 8 minutes: 2–3 pairs share with the class
Instructor tip: The realisation that they passed through multiple digital touchpoints — without realising they were being marketed to — is the "aha moment" of this class. Highlight it explicitly when pairs share back.
1:05
DISCUSSION
Channel role discussion + funnel overview (10 min)
Using the journeys students just mapped, show how different channels serve different stages of the funnel. "SEO helped you find it. A review blog helped you trust it. An email reminded you to come back. A retargeting ad closed the deal."
  • Draw the funnel on the board: Awareness → Consideration → Conversion → Loyalty
  • Slot the 8 channels into funnel stages collaboratively with the class
1:15
WRAP-UP
Recap, Q&A, and homework brief (15 min)
Summarise the 3 big ideas of Class 1. Open the floor for Q&A. Brief both homework deliverables clearly — students should know exactly what is expected before they leave.
  • Big idea 1: Digital marketing = reaching the right person, at the right time, with the right message — and knowing if it worked
  • Big idea 2: There are 8 channels, each plays a different role — no brand uses all of them equally
  • Big idea 3: Customers don't jump from unaware to buying — they move through a journey with multiple touchpoints
Instructor tip: End with energy. Tell them: "By Week 24 of this course, you will know how to run every single one of these channels for a real client, and you will be equipped to get paid for it."

1. What Is Digital Marketing?

Class Definition
Digital marketing is the use of internet-connected channels, platforms, and technologies to promote products, services, or ideas — with the ability to target specific audiences, measure results in real time, and adjust strategy on the fly.

Let's break that definition into three parts, because each part matters:

The scale of the digital world in 2025

5.5B
Internet users globally — 68% of the world's population
4.9B
Active social media users worldwide
$667B
Global digital advertising spend in 2024
6h 37m
Average daily time a person spends online

These numbers tell one story: your customer is online. Regardless of what you are selling, who you are selling to, or where in the world you are — your audience spends a significant portion of their day connected to the internet. Digital marketing is simply the discipline of meeting them there.

2. Digital vs Traditional Marketing

Traditional marketing has not disappeared — TV, print, billboards, and radio still exist. But digital marketing has structural advantages that make it the dominant discipline for most businesses, especially those with limited budgets and a need to prove ROI.

DIMENSION TRADITIONAL MARKETING DIGITAL MARKETING
Targeting Broad — you reach a general audience and hope your customer is in it. A newspaper ad goes to everyone who reads that newspaper. Precise — you target by age, location, interests, behaviour, income, job title, and much more. You only pay to reach people who match your criteria.
Cost Generally high and fixed. A TV commercial can cost millions. A billboard costs thousands per month regardless of whether it works. Flexible and scalable. You can start with a budget of Rs. 500. You scale up what works and stop what does not — in real time.
Measurability Difficult. You can measure reach (how many people could have seen it) but not whether they acted on it or bought something as a result. Precise and real-time. You know exactly how many people saw your ad, clicked it, visited your website, added to cart, and purchased.
Direction One-way. You broadcast a message. The audience receives it passively and cannot respond or interact. Two-way. Audiences like, comment, share, reply, and engage. You have a direct conversation with your market.
Speed Slow. Creating and placing a newspaper ad or TV commercial takes days to weeks. Changes are difficult mid-campaign. Fast. You can launch a campaign in minutes. If it is not working, you change the headline, image, or audience in real time.
Geography Mostly local or regional. Reaching a national or global audience through traditional media is extremely expensive. Global by default. A well-optimised Instagram post or Google ad can reach audiences in any country with no additional cost.
Important nuance

Digital and traditional marketing work together for large brands. A Pepsi ad on TV creates awareness; their Instagram keeps you engaged; their Google Search ad catches you when you are ready to find a restaurant that serves Pepsi. As a digital marketer, you will mostly operate in the digital world — but always understand the full picture.

3. The 8 Key Digital Marketing Channels

Think of digital marketing as a toolbox. Each channel inside the toolbox is a different tool — some are for building awareness, some for driving decisions, some for keeping existing customers loyal. A skilled digital marketer knows which tool to use, when, and why.

🔍
Search Engine Optimisation (SEO)
The process of making your website appear higher in Google (and other search engines) when people search for relevant terms — without paying for those clicks. SEO is a long-term investment that builds compounding value over time.
Example: Daraz appearing first when you search "buy laptop Pakistan"
📝
Content Marketing
Creating and distributing valuable, relevant content — blog posts, guides, videos, infographics, podcasts — that attracts and educates your target audience. Content marketing builds trust before asking for a sale.
Example: A bank publishing "How to save money in your 20s" to attract young customers
📱
Social Media Marketing
Using platforms like Instagram, Facebook, LinkedIn, TikTok, and X to build a community, share content, engage with followers, and grow brand awareness organically — without paid promotion.
Example: Foodpanda's Instagram engaging followers with food content and offers
💰
Paid Advertising (PPC / SEM)
Running paid ads on Google, Meta (Facebook & Instagram), TikTok, LinkedIn, and YouTube. You pay when someone clicks your ad (PPC) or per thousand views (CPM). Fast results, but requires budget and ongoing management.
Example: The sponsored result at the top of Google, or a sponsored post in your Instagram feed
✉️
Email Marketing
Sending targeted emails to a list of subscribers who have opted in to hear from you. Email has the highest ROI of any digital channel — $36 earned for every $1 spent on average. It is the channel you own completely.
Example: "Your order is on the way" from an e-commerce store, or a weekly newsletter
🎥
Video Marketing
Using video content on YouTube, TikTok, Instagram Reels, and other platforms to engage, educate, and entertain an audience. Video is the fastest-growing content format and the most consumed type of content online today.
Example: A cooking brand's YouTube tutorials that drive viewers to buy their products
🤝
Influencer Marketing
Partnering with individuals who have built a trusted audience on social media or other platforms to promote your product or service. Micro-influencers (10k–100k followers) often outperform mega-celebrities in engagement and conversion.
Example: A skincare brand sending product to a lifestyle influencer who reviews it for her audience
🔗
Affiliate Marketing
A performance-based model where partners (affiliates) promote your product and earn a commission on each sale they generate. The brand only pays when a sale happens — making it low-risk and highly scalable.
Example: A tech blogger who includes Amazon referral links in product reviews and earns a cut of each sale
Key insight

No business uses all 8 channels equally. A solopreneur will start with 1–2. A large brand might use all 8 simultaneously. As a digital marketer, your job is to understand each channel deeply enough to recommend the right combination for any client — based on their goals, audience, and budget. You will learn each one in depth over the next 20 weeks.

4. How the Internet Changed Consumer Buying Behaviour

Before the internet, buying something was simple and linear. A customer saw a TV ad → went to the store → spoke to a salesperson → bought the product. Brands controlled almost all the information. The customer had very little power.

The internet reversed this completely. Today's consumer is:

The modern customer journey — 5 stages

1. Unaware
Does not know your brand exists
Social ads · Video · Influencers · PR
2. Aware
Has seen or heard of your brand
SEO · Content · Social media · Organic posts
3. Considering
Researching and comparing options
Blog content · Reviews · Comparison pages · Retargeting ads
4. Converting
Ready to buy — just needs the final push
Search ads · Email · Discount offers · Landing pages
5. Loyal
Has bought and can become a repeat customer or advocate
Email sequences · Loyalty programmes · Community · Referrals
Why this matters for your career

Every digital marketing decision should be tied to a funnel stage. When a client asks "should I run Instagram ads?" — your first question is always "What stage of the funnel are we targeting?" Different stages need different channels, different messages, and different measures of success. You will return to this framework in every single module of this course.

ACTIVITY 1
The Ad Safari
⏱ 10 minutes  ·  Individual  ·  Opening warm-up

This activity is designed to create immediate personal relevance. Students realise they are already inside the digital marketing ecosystem — as consumers — before they learn about it as practitioners.

1
Open Instagram, YouTube, or any app you use daily. Scroll for exactly 2 minutes. Screenshot every ad or sponsored post you see.
2
For each ad, answer three questions on paper: (a) What brand is it? (b) What action do they want you to take? (c) Why do you think you specifically saw this ad?
3
Share one ad with the class. Walk everyone through your three answers. Be honest — did the ad work on you?
Discussion prompt for instructor

After 3–4 students share, ask the class: "How many different digital marketing channels were represented in just the ads we just saw?" Count them together. The answer will typically cover 3–5 channels — from the first 2 minutes of a phone screen. Let that land.

ACTIVITY 2
Customer Journey Mapping
⏱ 20 minutes  ·  Pairs  ·  Core class activity

This exercise makes the customer journey personal and tangible. Students map a real purchase they made, then identify the digital channels that appeared at each stage — often realising for the first time how deliberate those touchpoints were.

1
With your partner, choose one product or service either of you purchased in the last 30 days. It can be anything — food delivery, a course, shoes, a subscription.
2
Draw 5 boxes on paper labelled: Unaware → Aware → Considering → Deciding → After Purchase. In each box, write what happened at that stage. How did you feel? What information did you have?
3
Now go back through each stage and write which digital channel or touchpoint was present: an Instagram ad, a YouTube review, a Google search result, a WhatsApp message, an email discount — anything.
4
Count how many different channels touched you before you bought. Share your map with the class. Be ready to present in 2 minutes.
What to look for as instructor

Most students will find 3–6 distinct digital touchpoints on a single purchase they considered simple. The key realisation: "I thought I just bought it because I wanted it — but actually, a brand strategically guided me there." This is the most powerful learning moment of Week 1.

ACTIVITY 3
Channel-to-Funnel Mapping (Group)
⏱ 10 minutes  ·  Full class  ·  Closing discussion

Using the journey maps students just created, the class collectively slots each digital channel into the appropriate funnel stage. Instructor facilitates on the whiteboard.

1
Instructor draws the 5-stage funnel on the board (Unaware → Aware → Considering → Deciding → Loyal).
2
Ask the class: "Based on your journey maps, where does Instagram fit? Where does a Google search fit? Where does a discount email fit?" Place each channel in the funnel as the class calls them out.
3
Discuss: some channels appear at multiple stages (social media can drive awareness AND loyalty). This shows the complexity and richness of digital strategy.
Student note

This is your reference material for Class 1. Read it before class to get ahead, or use it after class to consolidate what you learned. Key terms are highlighted throughout — these will appear in your quiz.

What Is Digital Marketing?

Digital marketing is using internet-connected channels and platforms to promote products, services, or ideas — with the ability to target specific audiences, measure results in real time, and adjust your strategy based on data.

In simple terms: it is how businesses and individuals find, attract, and retain customers through the internet.

What makes digital marketing powerful is not just that it is online — it is that it is measurable, targetable, and scalable in a way that traditional marketing never could be. You know exactly who saw your ad, who clicked it, and who bought something because of it.

Digital vs Traditional Marketing — Key Differences

The 8 Digital Marketing Channels — Quick Reference

CHANNELWHAT IT ISBEST FOR
SEORanking higher in Google search results without paying for clicksLong-term traffic and credibility
Content marketingCreating blogs, guides, videos that educate and attract your audienceBuilding trust and awareness
Social mediaBuilding community and sharing content on Instagram, Facebook, LinkedIn, TikTokBrand awareness and engagement
Paid advertisingRunning paid ads on Google, Meta, YouTube, TikTokFast results and targeted reach
Email marketingSending targeted emails to a list of subscribers you ownNurturing leads and retaining customers
Video marketingYouTube, TikTok, Instagram Reels — video content that informs and entertainsEngagement and brand building
Influencer marketingPartnering with people who have a trusted audience to promote your productAwareness and social proof
Affiliate marketingPartners promote your product and earn commission on each sale they driveScalable, performance-based sales

The 5-Stage Customer Journey

  1. Unaware: The customer does not know your brand exists. Goal: get seen. Channels: social ads, video, influencers.
  2. Aware: They have heard of you but have not engaged. Goal: educate. Channels: SEO, content, organic social.
  3. Considering: They are researching and comparing you with competitors. Goal: build trust. Channels: blog posts, reviews, retargeting ads.
  4. Converting: They are ready to buy. Goal: remove friction. Channels: search ads, email, landing pages, discount offers.
  5. Loyal: They have bought once. Goal: retain and turn into advocates. Channels: email sequences, community, referral programmes.
The most important thing to remember from Week 1

Digital marketing is not about any single channel or tactic. It is about understanding your audience's journey and placing the right message, on the right channel, at the right stage — and knowing whether it worked. Everything in this course builds toward that skill.

Key Terms to Know

Quiz instructions

10 questions covering everything from Class 1. Select your answer to see if you got it right — and why. All questions are based on your student notes and lesson content.

Class 1 Homework & Deliverables

Two deliverables are due before Class 2. Both are submitted on the course platform. There are no right or wrong answers in the journal — honest reflection is what matters.

🗺

Deliverable 1 — Marketing Channels Map

Create a visual diagram (hand-drawn, Canva, or any tool) showing all 8 digital marketing channels. For each channel, write: (a) what it is in one sentence, (b) which stage of the customer funnel it primarily serves, and (c) one real-world example of a brand using it. Your diagram should also show how channels connect to each other and to the customer journey. Submit as a JPG, PNG, or PDF.

📓

Deliverable 2 — Learning Journal Entry #1

Write 200–300 words answering: "What surprised me most about how digital marketing works — and which channel am I most curious to learn deeply, and why?" This is the first entry in your learning journal that you will maintain throughout the entire 24 weeks. Be honest and specific. Generic answers get no marks.

Recommended resources before Class 2

🎓 Google Digital Garage — Fundamentals of Digital Marketing
Free certification course from Google. Complete modules 1–3 before Class 2 (approximately 45 minutes). It reinforces today's lecture with Google's own perspective on the industry. Link: learndigital.withgoogle.com
📊 Think with Google — Consumer Insights
Browse the latest consumer behaviour research at thinkwithgoogle.com. Spend 15 minutes reading one article on how consumers search or make purchase decisions. Bring one finding to share in Class 2.
📱 Brand Audit Exercise (Optional but recommended)
Pick any brand you use or admire. Spend 20 minutes auditing their digital presence: Google them, find their social accounts, check if they have a blog, sign up for their newsletter if they have one. Notice how many channels they are using and how the channels connect. Bring your notes to Class 2 — this will support the strategy work in Week 2.

What is coming in Class 2

Preview

Class 2 dives into the Customer Journey and Marketing Funnel in much greater depth. You will learn how to map a funnel for any business, understand the metrics at each stage, and begin to see how a digital marketer uses the funnel as their primary strategic tool. The channels map you create for homework will be used directly in Class 2's activity — so make it good.